Saturday, 5 March 2016
Wednesday, 2 March 2016
Saturday, 19 September 2015
Acivcrete Basics - #2
REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENT IN COLUMNS
--Minimum % of steel=0.8% of gross cross section area.
--Maximum % of steel=4% of gross cross section area and should not exceed 6%.
--Minimum number of rods in circular and rectangular/square columns are 6 and 4 respectively.
--Minimum diameter of bar=12 mm.
--Bars spacing shall exceed 300 mm along periphery.
--For pedestals minimum area of reinforcement=0.15% of gross cross sectional area.
--Maximum % of steel=4% of gross cross section area and should not exceed 6%.
--Minimum number of rods in circular and rectangular/square columns are 6 and 4 respectively.
--Minimum diameter of bar=12 mm.
--Bars spacing shall exceed 300 mm along periphery.
--For pedestals minimum area of reinforcement=0.15% of gross cross sectional area.
-Minimum Grade of Concrete for Liquid storage structures is M30.(as per IS 3370(Part 1):2009-Code of practice for storage of liquids)
-Minimum cement content is 320 kg/m3.
-Maximum cement content is 400 kg/m3.
REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENT IN SLABS:-
-0.15% for Fe 250 grade of steel
-0.12% for Fe 415 grade of steel.
-0.12% for Fe 415 grade of steel.
Saturday, 18 April 2015
Acivcrete Civil Site Basics - 1
Clear cover to main reinforcement in
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
Footings : 50 mm
Raft foundation Top : 50 mm
Raft foundation Bottom/ sides : 75 mm
Strap Beam : 50 mm
Grade Slab : 20 mm
Column : 40 mm (d>12mm) 25 mm (d= 12mm)
Shear Wall : 25 mm
Beams : 25 mm
Slabs : 15 mm or not less than diameter of the bar.
Flat Slab : 20 mm
Staircase : 15 mm
Retaining Wall on Earth : 20/ 25 mm
Water retaining structures : 20 / 30 mm
Sunshade (Chajja) : 25 mm
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
Hook for stirrups is 9D for one side
No. of stirrups = (clear span/Spanning) + 1
For Cantilever anchorage length for main steel is 69D
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
“L” for column main rod in footing is minimum of 300mm
Chairs of minimum 12 mm diameter bars should be used.
Minimum diameter of dowel bars should be 12 mm
Lap slices should not be used for bar larger than 36 mm.
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
Footings : 50 mm
Raft foundation Top : 50 mm
Raft foundation Bottom/ sides : 75 mm
Strap Beam : 50 mm
Grade Slab : 20 mm
Column : 40 mm (d>12mm) 25 mm (d= 12mm)
Shear Wall : 25 mm
Beams : 25 mm
Slabs : 15 mm or not less than diameter of the bar.
Flat Slab : 20 mm
Staircase : 15 mm
Retaining Wall on Earth : 20/ 25 mm
Water retaining structures : 20 / 30 mm
Sunshade (Chajja) : 25 mm
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
Hook for stirrups is 9D for one side
No. of stirrups = (clear span/Spanning) + 1
For Cantilever anchorage length for main steel is 69D
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD -- HERE
“L” for column main rod in footing is minimum of 300mm
Chairs of minimum 12 mm diameter bars should be used.
Minimum diameter of dowel bars should be 12 mm
Lap slices should not be used for bar larger than 36 mm.
Saturday, 21 March 2015
Columns and Lintels
Basic review about Columns and Lintels. For beams, please check our previous post .
Saturday, 14 March 2015
Wednesday, 25 February 2015
Basic Civil Engineering Terms
DUCTILITY Ability of a material to deform easily under stress of temperature‚ pressure and Speed; especially‚ ability of a metal to stretch easily. Ductility is characterized by a weak elastic limit and significant lengthening.
WORKABILITY The ability of a mortar or a fresh concrete to fill correctly a mold or a formwork thanks to a well-studied batching of its constituents that give him a sufficient fluidity without harming its strength and its homogeneity. The workability is a factor of the first magnitude because it conditions among other things: good filling, simplicity of placing, good covering of reinforcements.
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OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
BLEED To go up on the surface, speaking of the water contained in a mortar, a concrete. To reject internal water.
BLEEDING The appearance of a film of water or laitance on the surface of a slab or a concrete or mortar screed after troweling or vibration. The vibration, closing between them the various grains of the components of concrete, brings about the expulsion of a part of water that occupies the empties. Water, having lower density than the other components, goes up on the surface. Syn. with BLEED-THROUGH; SWEATING; WATER GAIN
SEGREGATION 1. An imbalance in the chemical composition of the different components of an alloy. 2. A preferential aggregation of the chemically alike components between them during the solidification phase of an alloy; this separation results in a chemically heterogeneous structure. 3. A selective dissociation, in distinct heaps, of different previously mixed bodies as a result of vibration, brewing, etc. 4. A phenomenon of dissociation of the concrete ingredients that can be due to various causes (excessive vibration, carriage, falls from critical height, etc.).
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD in EBAY ----> CLICK HERE
OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
HYDRATE A chemical body resulting from the combination of a body with water molecules.
HYDRATION Phenomenon of water absorption by a chemically receptive body. The process of chemical reaction between water and cement is also called hydration.
DURABILITY Resistance to weather condition
SHRINKAGE Decrease in volume of Concrete
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD in EBAY ----> CLICK HERE
OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
COMPACTION Compaction is removing the air from concrete. Proper compaction results in concrete with an increased density which is stronger and more durable.
BITUMEN: Bitumen is a generic name applied to the various mixtures of hydrocarbons. They may be gases, liquid ,semisolid and solid in nature and completely soluble in carbondisulphide.
Paints Paints are used to protect metals, timber, or plastered surfaces from the corrosive effects of weather, heat, moisture or gases etc and to improve their appearance
WORKABILITY The ability of a mortar or a fresh concrete to fill correctly a mold or a formwork thanks to a well-studied batching of its constituents that give him a sufficient fluidity without harming its strength and its homogeneity. The workability is a factor of the first magnitude because it conditions among other things: good filling, simplicity of placing, good covering of reinforcements.
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD in EBAY ----> CLICK HERE
OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
BLEED To go up on the surface, speaking of the water contained in a mortar, a concrete. To reject internal water.
BLEEDING The appearance of a film of water or laitance on the surface of a slab or a concrete or mortar screed after troweling or vibration. The vibration, closing between them the various grains of the components of concrete, brings about the expulsion of a part of water that occupies the empties. Water, having lower density than the other components, goes up on the surface. Syn. with BLEED-THROUGH; SWEATING; WATER GAIN
SEGREGATION 1. An imbalance in the chemical composition of the different components of an alloy. 2. A preferential aggregation of the chemically alike components between them during the solidification phase of an alloy; this separation results in a chemically heterogeneous structure. 3. A selective dissociation, in distinct heaps, of different previously mixed bodies as a result of vibration, brewing, etc. 4. A phenomenon of dissociation of the concrete ingredients that can be due to various causes (excessive vibration, carriage, falls from critical height, etc.).
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD in EBAY ----> CLICK HERE
OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
HYDRATE A chemical body resulting from the combination of a body with water molecules.
HYDRATION Phenomenon of water absorption by a chemically receptive body. The process of chemical reaction between water and cement is also called hydration.
DURABILITY Resistance to weather condition
SHRINKAGE Decrease in volume of Concrete
BUY BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING DVD in EBAY ----> CLICK HERE
OR MESSAGE IN FACEBOOK ---> MESSAGE HERE
COMPACTION Compaction is removing the air from concrete. Proper compaction results in concrete with an increased density which is stronger and more durable.
Paints Paints are used to protect metals, timber, or plastered surfaces from the corrosive effects of weather, heat, moisture or gases etc and to improve their appearance
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