Friday, 2 January 2015

Basic Civil Engineering Q & A - Part 12

Regarding plane-table survey, which of the following statements does not hold ?
All the plotting work including contouring can be done in the field
It is quite suitable for small scale surveys
Less number of control points are required
It can be done in all seasons
Answer — It can be done in all seasons

The plotting of inaccessible points in a plane-table survey can be done by the method of
Interpolation
Radiation
Intersection
Traversing
Answer –Intersection

Total float in a planning network is
Late start time – Early start time
Early start time – Late start time
Late start time – Late finish time
Late finish time – Early finish time
Answer –Late start time – Early start time

An ideal horizontal transition curve is a
Parabola
Circle
Clothoid spiral
Hyperbola
Answer –Clothoid spiral

The transitional property of a lemniscate curve is disrupted when its deflection angle is around
30°
45°
60°
90°
Answer — 60° 

If the radius of a simple curve is R, then the length of the chord for calculating the offsets by the “method of chords produced” should not
exceed
R/5
R/10
R/20
R/25
Answer — R/20

The ratio between the adopted centrifugal ratios for roads and railways is
3 :1
4: 1
2 : 1
5 :1
Answer — 2 : 1

The needle of a magnetic compass is generally supported on a
Bush hearing
Ball bearing
Needle bearing
Jewel bearing

Answer — Jewel bearing

TYPES OF FOUNDATION


LOADING
It is a very important step in the total design process to determine the design loads for the structure. Typical loads for a building are dead load, live load, wind load and earthquake load. Special consideration is sometimes given to impact and fatigue that may occur in vehicles, cranes or machinery.

Dead load consists of the weight of the structure itself plus the weight of permanently installed equipment. It includes the weight of the structural members, floors, ceilings,duct works, exterior walls, permanent partitions and unusual items such as water in swimming pools.

Live load includes the loads specified by the loading standards for various uses and occupancies of the building. These specified loads cover the occupants, furniture, movable equipment, fixtures, books etc, and are the minimum gravity live loads for which the building can be designed within the jurisdiction of that standard.

Wind load can be treated as a static load and is computed with the aid of reference velocity pressures, gust factors, exposure factors and shape factors. Tall, slender buildings must be designed using a dynamic approach to the action of wind gusts or with the aid of experimental methods such as wind tunnel tests.

Conventional earthquake (seismic) design procedures replace the dynamic earthquake loads with equivalent static loads. The earthquake loads which are stipulated are recognized to be much less than the maximum loads possible from a very severe earthquake.
Do you Know ??

The free fall of concrete as per IS 456 : 2000 should be limited to maximum of 1.5 m

1 comment:

  1. This post is technical details are nice and useful guide

    ReplyDelete